However, the Bible also deals with geology, biology, astronomy, and so on.
No, it does not. Its mythology touches these topics in passing, but it never discusses them at any length (unless we count kosher law as nutrition science).
And unlike “science” textbooks in public schools, it never changes.
1. It has. Even if we ignore all the evidence that certain books have been edited very heavily and the clear theological evolution over time, it is anthology that was written (…and compiled, multiple times, with controversies…) over the course of many centuries - this is not even denied by the Bible, seeing as several books are first-person letters by authors living at a certain time and making reference to older writings, and Christian tradition explicitly distinguishing the “Old” and the “New Testament”.
2. That is not a strength. Science is to learn from our collective mistakes, while Fundamentalism is all about doubling down and suppressing anyone who points them out. Errare humanum est, sed in errore perseverare diabolicum.
What we can do is use observational science to see if experiments and observations in the present confirm the history God reveals in geology, biology, archaeology, etc.
And it did not.
Because the historical science (the “earthly things”) in the Bible is true, the moral and spiritual teachings based in that history are true.
No. Not at all. It is very much possible to be completely correct about the facts of a matter - which the Bible is not! - and yet to be completely wrong in the conclusions or analogies drawn from it. Especially considering how little attention the Bible pays to anything other than one-sided Israelite historical propaganda, social control and, to a lesser degree, Jesus, leaving plenty of room for lies of omission.